An input device's electrical noise protection is called what?

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Electrical isolation protects an input by keeping its signal electrically separate from the controller, so noise and transients on the sensor side don’t affect the system. Optical isolation achieves this by using an LED and a photodetector to transfer the signal across an insulating barrier, meaning there’s no direct electrical path. This blocks interference, ground-loop currents, and voltage spikes from propagating into the control circuit while still delivering a clean, logic-level signal. Grounding ties everything to a common reference, which helps safety but doesn’t inherently stop noise from crossing the signal path. Shielding reduces interference on cables but doesn’t provide the true isolation needed to prevent noise from entering the input. Fusing guards against overcurrent, not noise or signal integrity. So optical isolation is the mechanism that best protects an input device from electrical noise.